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| Plaza de Mayo , Civic Center |
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Civic nucleus around which different stages and testimonies of the national life can be observed.
Pedestrian journey of 2 hours. To make it in days of week in the afternoon, to combine with the schedules of museums. To park it uses the underground beach of the Central Mail or those of the bordering South Neighborhood. |
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| The Plaza de Mayo |
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It was the Plaza Mayor than the layout of the 2a foundation of Buenos Aires. Their current surface is double the original one. In 1804 the Old Recova crossed it on-line street straight line to street, in parallel form to the river, to the height of the current Pyramid. The near portion to the Casa Rosada called herself Plaza del Fuerte one and the near one to the Cabildo Plaza de la Victoria, in homage to the victory of the forces of the Reconquest during the 2a English invasion. From here it left the Real Road toward the west (current Rivadavia street) and the Real street of the port (today Defense) toward the south.
This bigger square completed a double function: as medieval square it served from market to the population (with the old recova and later the lateral one, with a numerous concentration of traveling salespersons) and as Renaissance square it had civic character, when gathering the most significant public buildings, as the fort, the Cabildo and the church, use that marked their definitive character.
The renovating ideas of the neoclassical urbanism arrived in Buenos Aires in the decade of 1880, stimulated by Torcuato of Alvear, their first intendant. They were reflective of the big transformations of Paris, of the layout of the city of Washington and also of La Plata . In 1883 the old recova was demolished and they became unified the two squares, with work of the Arc. Juan Buschiazzo who transferred the Pyramid to their current location. Around 1900, the square was forested by Carlos Thays. In 1889 the opening of the Av. de Mayo was approved, giving place to the conception monumentalista that unites to Government's House with the Congress of the Nation, as two focal centers. The layout of the North diagonals and South (toward 1920) it reinforces the idea, with the multiplication of perspectives.
Their enormous symbolic importance locates it as place of political meetings of different shades. From the episodes that culminated in the Revolution of May of 1810 (emancipation of Spain) that gave him their name, it was the scenario of the big popular concentrations. Here the adhesion is manifested the governments, the national parties or you last and until violent protest days or revolution. This environment, with a common image of urban activity, it was bombarded in confrontation stages among Argentinean, but also receives the happiness of people's thousands covered with flags, banners, and the music of their songs when a reason gathers them to celebrate. In their normal days, the upset rhythm of the city doesn't alter the presence calms down and the flight of its doves. |
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| Pyramid of May (MHN) |
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This monument erected in 1811, to commemorate the first anniversary of the Revolution of May. Built by Francisco Cañete who for lack of time and budget lifted a simple hollow shaft; designed in Roman style, with 14 m of height, it served as decoration in the days of celebration. In 1857 the Engineer Prilidiano Pueyrredón elevated it to 18 m, crowning her with the statue of the freedom, work of J. Dubourdieu. When it becomes unified the square, in 1883, the pyramid is transferred to its current location.
Coming closer to the Casa Rosada, it is Manuel's Belgrano Equestrian Statue .
On the north side of the Casa Rosada it was the Fort one whose construction began in 1594 and it concluded in 1720. It was the official residence of Spanish governors, viceroys and first native governments. It was a walled construction of 120 m of side, with a moat and drawbridge; it was demolished partly in 1855 to build the building of the New Customs that was behind the Casa Rosada, toward the river. |
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| Casa Rosada |
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This the headquarters of the Government of the Nation. The first native governments until that of the Gral. Bartolomé Mitre in 1862, worked in some few facilities that were of the primitive one strong, located in the north side of the current Casa Rosada.
Later, when taking place an accidental fire in the chimney of a stove, it was recycled by the building Jorge Canale. The president Domingo Faustino Sarmiento made it paint for the first time of rosy color.
Sarmiento also took charge the construction of a new Building of Mail, located in the current south sector of the Casa Rosada, to the architects Aberg and Kilhberg. Designed in Italian and French Renaissance style, differed in the work of the facades and the cover, it was inaugurated in 1879 by the president Avellaneda.
During their presidency, Roca ordered to demolish Government's House to be in bas conditions and he took charge to the Arq. Aberg to build a new one that was copy of the building of mail.
Gathered both buildings like seat of government, the Arq. Francisco Tamburini annexed them by means of an arch, finishing conforming its current image. He also carried out the esplanade on Rivadavia, for where it enters the President daily, and it completed the later facade, achieving an important general harmony.
Decked out for the parties or in the solemnity of the political events, it receives in their balconies from the first floor to the President, in their speech to the town gathered in the Plaza de Mayo. The Casa Rosada is guarded by the historical Regiment of Grenadiers to Horse Gral. José of San Martin, being part from the watch to the President of the Nation and of the Mausoleum Gral. San Martin. The ceremony of guard's change is carried out every 12 hours with displacement from the Cathedral to the Casa Rosada at first hours of the day and the 18 h, with parade of the group, accompanied by a drum that surrenders homage to the flag.
A visit to the interior shows, from the esplanade of the street Rivadavia, the access to the one:
Hall of Honor with a wide space conformed by a gallery perimetral of columns. Behind these, the Gallery of the Busts appears with sculptures of marble of Carrara of the finest variety, it harbors the busts of all the Argentinean Presidents until 10 years ago behind, it works of famous sculptors.
To a side, the Living room Blanco where is carried out the ceremony of assumption of the presidential control and swears of minister and secretaries of State. This solemn environment was the elected place traditionally for the presidential speeches. Plus behind, the French and Italian Stairways each one of them carried out entirely in marble of Carrara, with particulars of high artistic value. The exquisite material is gift of these two nations.
Patio of the Palms this way called to harbor the sprouts of those that Sarmiento brought and with those that it formed the avenue of the Palms. It stands out the source of the house Du Val D'Osne of Paris, acquired one of 35 for the celebration of the Centennial of the Revolution of May, in 1910, and that they were distributed for almost all the Argentinean provinces. Patios with Galleries form classic loggias of different ranks, with very delicate works of capitals, decorated brackets and ceilings. In the facade it guides of the Casa Rosada - Square Columbus - it is the access to the Museum of the presidents.
Museum of the Presidents in the objects belonging to Argentinean Presidents are exhibited, after 30 years of having concluded their command. The first room contains presidential bands, control canes and the second salt utensils, china and very delicate objects, all exposed one inside a very solemn environment.
Lowering the stairways is the vaults and arches of the New Customs Taylor with their bricks they represent the image of the old galleries. There they are few the objects in exhibition, due to the intense humidity and to the discovery works and recovery still in march. This sector corresponds to the customs deposits and one, in the right angle, to the old one strong Spanish that was in this place.
The Museum has a Hemeroteca, open to investigators. They are organized activities and concerts every 15 days, the saturday to the 18.30 h.
Among the Square Columbus and the Casa Rosada has been without funds (under the floor) the patio of maneuvers of the New Customs Taylor that was demolished in 1890 when being built the Port Timber and stuffed with the excavations,it gave origin to the semicircle of the current Square Columbus.
Behind the Casa Rosada and this the Square Columbus and in her this the monument to Cristóbal Columbus.
In front of the access esplanade to the Casa Rosada, by Rivadavia, it meets a small square with the Monument to Juan of Garay.
The walk continues describing the buildings that surround the square, in a turn contrary to the sense of the pointers of the clock. In front of the Casa Rosada, in street Rivadavia, the block is occupied by the Bank Nation Argentina .
Entering for the access, in Bartolomé Mitre and 25 de mayo, you arrives in the 1° at the Numismatic Museum of the Bank Nation.
In the intersection of street Rivadavia and stree San Martin is the Metropolitan Cathedral and the Mausoleum (inside the temple) of the Grl José of San Martin, it can also visit one another the Chapel of the Sacrarium the archicofradía of the Sacred Sacramento it built a dedicated chapel to the cult of the Sacrament. With fine marbles and brasses, to imitation of the altar of San Pedro's confession, with marble baldachin and columns Baroque style of the area of granite of Sierra Girl. The custody in its central part is of the XVII, ornamented century and enlarged by the goldsmith Pallarols, for the Congress Eucarístico 1934.
Continuing the turn around the Square, the faced building is the Municipal Palacio and The Cabildo is in the faced sidewalk.
The Cabildo possesses a complete library with information about the beginnings of the building, all its history, information of the Plaza de Mayo and the avenue. In the interior visits one another the Museum of the Cabildo.
Between Defense and Balcarce is the building of the AFIP (former-headquarters of the National Hypothecary Bank), built in 1947, a clear example of architecture monumentalista. It represents the image of the strong State, in a stage where the simplicity of the lines and the strength of the elements interveners characterized an important number of public works created for the attention of the necessities of the big masses.
By Balcarce 139, being part of the same building, it can visit one another the Old National Congress.
Returning to the square in address to the Town council, it will see three avenues that are fruit of a new city-planning conception that remodeled Buenos Aires between ends of last century and the first decades of the present.
To the left of the Cabildo the South Diagonal, or Av. opens up Julio A Roca, it works begun in 1930. On the Southwest sidewalk the building of the Legislature of the City of Buenos Aires rises.
In the encounter of the Diagonal and street Peru is the Monument to Julio A Roca it works of the sculptor Juan Zorrilla of San Martin. The lands corresponding to the Manzana de las Luces are on the left.
For who want it, 2 blocks can advance for the Diagonal until their term in Av. Belgrano seeing first in Av. President Julio A. Rock and Bolívar the clock of the Building Siemens and continuing a block the building will be seen of the one that was the company Somisa.
Returning to the Square of May, to the right of the Cabildo the Avenue of May opens up. |
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| Avenue of May |
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Their opening began in 1889, during the intendency of Torcuato of AIvear. The first tract was built to quick rhythm and it was delivered to the public in 1894. Most of the constructions was hotels, bars and sweet shops that transformed to this place into a typical walk. With reason of the Fifth Centennial of the Discovery of America they have been carried out works of refection of the facades of some buildings of the time. (To see description in Avenue of May).
Skirting the Square, to the Municipal Palacio's right, is the North Diagonal or Av. Roque Sáenz Rock or North diagonal (to see description in The North diagonal. |
Viajoporargentina - Información turística sobre la República Argentina
© 2003- Prohibida su reproducción total o parcial. Derechos de Autor 527292 Ley 11723 |
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