It has a varied relief with heights superior to 2000 meters, located on the western area, it has absolute depressions, 40 meters under sea level, as the one located in Peninsula de Valdes, and it has also mountains, plains, plateaus and valleys.

The Andean Mountain Range extends along the whole Chubut's west; along the frontier with Chile. The linkage is not uniform, but as isolated blocks separated by traverse valleys, guided towards the east-west direction; they are full of glacier lakes and rivers. Its mountains have sharp summits and a lot of snow. The maximum provincial height is the Dos Ríos Hill (2515 meters), it is enough so as to act as a climate divisor, since it stops the western humid winds, that discharge its humidity in this sector, going on towards the rest of the province as totally dry winds.

The Patagónides are the mountainous system that is in closest contact with the Andean Mountain range east cords, both systems have a similar morphology of low elevations and rounded summits. However, the Patagónides have lower tops and the hydric and eolic erosion has left deep prints on them. They go from north to south, they are separated from the Andean system by the valleys of the rivers; Chico Chubut, Languiñeo, Genoa and Senguer, and they are even confused with the plateaus because of their aridity

The Patagonian plateaus present a great variety of geo-forms, among them you can find: plateaus, terraced, valleys, depressions, mountains, salines, lagoons, etc. They descend gradually from the west to the Atlantic coast. They are denominated "pampas" when their summits are plane, as the Salamanca and Del Castillo ones. They are usually covered by basalt mantels or Patagonian pebbles. The hollows are generally dry valleys, corresponding to rivers that existed in humid times. They descend towards the valleys or to the low places. The depressed areas are a lot, they are occupied almost as a whole by salines or temporary lagoons. Sarmiento's area is the most extensive one. It has the biggest extranandean Patagonian lakes like the Musters and the Colhue Huapí, both of them fed by Senger River.

The characteristic feature of this region hydrography is the presence of a lot of rivers and lagoons too. There are in this province many rivers that have their nascent to the east of the Andean mountain range, they cross along it, to end in the Pacific Ocean. The basin's outlets are divided in: Basins that drain into the Pacific Ocean: Puelo Lake group occupies the first place, it concentrates a series of lakes and smaller flows. Then, it is the Futaleufú basin, that goes from north to south through a great quanity of lakes that go from Cholila Lake in the north to Rosario Lake in the south. The reservoir Amutui Quimei has been built on the Futaleufú River to generate hydroelectric energy. The Carrenleufú system extends from south to north, with its nascent in General Vinter Lake, receiving the Pico River too.

Basins that drain into the Atlantic Ocean: They are conformed by Chubut and Senguer Chico Rivers. The Chubut River has its nascent in Río Negro Province, between Carrera and Negro Hills, and it is formed by several small beds coming from the Andean region. The Tecka river of about 160 Km length, is its most important tributary in its superior flow. It crosses the province from west to east, describing a convex arch to the northwest. It goes along the Patagonian plateaus and goes up to Río Negro frontiers being called Alto Chubut. Its basin extends about 29000 Km2 and it comes to an end in Engaño Bay. In its inferior flow the Florentino Ameguino Dike is placed. It forms a great artificial lake of the same name. The canalization and irrigation works have allowed the outstanding development of cultivation areas in its inferior flow. Its main tributary is the Chico River. The Senguer River is emissary of the double lacustrine basin La Plata - Fontana, belonging to the mountainous area of the limit between Argentina and Chile. Its main flow goes towards Musters Lake and another branch goes on to the east. Only when there are big floods its waters reach the Colhue Huapí Lake.

The whole Atlantic Bassin like that one of the Pacific have winter floods; due to the abundant precipitations, and in spring due to the thaw.